Pune has been known by a plethora of sobriquets. Popular among them: Queen of the Deccan, cultural capital of Maharashtra, pensioner's paradise and Oxford of the East. Pune is one of the historical cities of India with a glorious past, an innovative present and a promising future. The Pune Municipal Corporation administers the city. Its boundaries extend over four hundred square kilometres and it has a population of close to four million. Thus, Pune city has been developed into a Pune metropolitan area, just equal in area to that of Greater Mumbai. It is located 192 km (by rail) and 160 km (by road) from Mumbai and is 559 meters above the mean sea level. Being surrounded by beautiful hills and the Sinhagad fort, it has a temperate climate. Water, which is plentiful, is supplied to the city from Panshet, Khadakvasla and Varasgaon dams --all located about thirty kilometers from Pune.
Important national institutes like the National Chemical Laboratory, National Defence Academy, National Informatics Centre, C-DAC etc. are located in Pune, which is also one of the automotive and software hubs in India.
Marathi is the official language in the city. However, most people are fluent in Hindi and English too. With 40% better green cover than any other Indian city, Pune, the University Town of India is dotted with heritage structures of immense historical importance like the Aga Khan Palace, Shaniwarwada and the Raja Kelkar Museum.
Pune is home to many prestigious corporates viz. Bajaj, Tatas, Firodiyas, Kirloskars, Thermax, TCS, Infosys & Wipro.